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Gin
Gin
Gin
The first recorded instance for the production of gin is the early 1600's in the netherlands, although it has been speculated that distillers in in italy have made it before then. The dutch produced gin as a medicine and sold it to chemists in order to treat a variety of complaints such as stomach pains, gout and gallstones. To make it taste less harse, the Dutch started to flavor it with juniper, which also has medicinal properties of its own.
The british troops fighting in the Low Countries during the Thirty Years War, were given "Dutch Courage" during the long campaigns in the damp weather through the warming effects of gin. Eventually they started brining it back home with them, where already it was often sold in chemists' shops. Distillation was taking place in a small way in England, but it began on a greater scale, though the quality was often very dubious. The new drink became a firm favorite with the poor.
By the mid 1730's London had approximately 7,000 shops that exclusively sold spirits. Alcohol abuse by the poorer classes at this time became a major problem, which was tackled by introducing The Gin Act at midnight on 29 September 1739, making gin very expensive to buy. The Prime Minister, Sir Robert Walpole and Dr. Samuel Johnson were among those who opposed the Act,they knew it could not be enforced without the backing of the people. They were right.
Riots broke out over the city and it seemed that there was no respect for law and order, the Gin Act was finally repealed in 1742 and a new policy was implemented with the help of distillers, reasonably high prices, reasonable excise duties and licensed retailers under the supervision of magistrates. This the same practice that exists today for those bar owners who posses a drinks license. Since then many companies established themselves as well-to-do manufacturers and the gin became the drink of high quality.
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